Laparoscopic Ovarian Removal Surgery
Laparoscopic ovarian removal surgery is a surgical procedure in which one or both ovaries are removed using a laparoscope. This minimally invasive technique involves inserting a small camera and precise surgical instruments through tiny incisions in the abdomen. In some cases, the fallopian tubes may also be removed along with the ovaries in a procedure known as salpingo-oophorectomy. This type of surgery may also be performed as part of a hysterectomy (removal of the uterus).
Reasons for Laparoscopic Ovarian Removal Surgery
This procedure is performed for several medical reasons, including:
- Treatment of tubo-ovarian abscess
- Family history of ovarian cancer
- Endometriosis
- Genetic mutations (such as BRCA mutations)
- Ovarian torsion
- Removal of ovarian cysts or non-cancerous tumors
Types of Laparoscopic Ovarian Removal Surgery
The type of surgery depends on the patient’s condition and the extent of the disease:
- Unilateral Ovarian Removal: Performed when the condition affects only one ovary. The connected fallopian tube may also be removed.
- Bilateral Ovarian Removal: Conducted when the tumor affects both ovaries without spreading to the uterus.
- Ovarian and Uterus Removal: Required in cases where cancer spreads significantly to include the uterus, ovaries, fallopian tubes, and nearby lymph nodes.
- Advanced Cancer Treatment: If cancer has spread widely, the surgeon removes as much of the tumor as possible. Chemotherapy may be administered before or after surgery.
Advantages of Laparoscopic Ovarian Removal Surgery
This procedure offers several benefits compared to traditional open surgery:
- Small Incisions: The surgery is performed through small openings (about 2 cm), reducing visible scars and abdominal deformities.
- Less Pain: Laparoscopy causes significantly less pain during and after surgery compared to traditional methods.
- Faster Recovery: Patients typically resume daily activities within two days.
- Lower Risk of Complications: Smaller incisions reduce the risk of infections and surgical complications.
- High Precision: The laparoscopic camera provides a clearer view of complex areas, allowing for more accurate surgery.
Pre-Surgical Medical Tests
Before undergoing laparoscopic ovarian removal surgery, patients must complete several medical tests to ensure they are prepared for the procedure and receive an accurate diagnosis. These tests include:
- Clinical Examination: A pelvic exam, including an assessment of the vagina and cervix, to rule out other issues.
- CT Scan: Used to examine internal organs and assess the position of the ovaries, tumors, or other abnormalities.
- Ultrasound: Helps detect ovarian tumors, cysts, or other issues.
- Blood Tests: Measure hormone levels and check for any cancer markers or signs of infection.
Pre-Operative Instructions
Once the decision is made to undergo laparoscopic ovarian removal surgery, the patient receives specific preparation instructions, including:
- Avoiding certain medications that may affect the procedure.
- Fasting for several hours before surgery.
